Device for



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Feb. 17,1891.

(No Model.)

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. SNELL. DEVICE FOR BURNING CRUDE PETROLEUM.

Patented Feb. 1?

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()EEICE.

LUTHER C. SNELL, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE LIQUID SUPPLY COMPANY, OF OLEAN, NEXV YORK.

DEVICE FORBURNING CRUDE PETROLEUM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,796, dated February 17, 1891.

Application filed July 25, 1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itknown that I, LUTHER C. SNELL, a citi- Zen of the United States, and a resident of Detroit, in the county of Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Burning Crude Petroleum; and I do hereby declare that the followingis afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it ap'pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a perspective View of my new and improved burner or device for burning crude petroleum. Fig. 2 is a side view taken from the front side, with the hinged door or side thereof swung down in its open position. Fig. 3 is an end View of the same. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line x cc, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View taken on the plane indicated by the line 1 y of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a detail View of the evaporating-pan removed from the device.

The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention consists in a new and improved device or burner for burning crude petroleum for fuel in stoves or furnaces, by the use of which burner a pure white light of dazzling brilliancy and any required degree of heat is obtained from crude petroleum; and myinvention will be hereinafter fully described and claimed, referring to the several.

parts by letter.

In the accompanying draw in gs I have shown,

my new and improved burner constructed in a square or rectangular form, although it may be constructed either round or half-round, as hereinafter more fully specified, or in any other shape to fit the stove to which it is to be attached.

A indicates the bottom plate of my new and improved device, which is thickly provided with the perforations a, and which has around three of its sides the downwardly-projecting rim-flange B, which serves to raise the perforated bottom A clear above the surface on which the device is resting to permit of the Serial No. 359,867. (No model.)

free entrance of air through the perforated bottom.

The ends C C of the device are formed with the large endopenings D D, and the rear side of the device is formed 'with a double or hollow wall, the inner wall or side E being thickly provided with perforations F, like those of the bottom A, while the outer wall G and the top of the device are both solid-that is, are without perforations.

The end walls 0 C of the device, which close the ends of the space between the double walls E and G, are likewise formed with perforations H, for the purpose hereinafter specified.

The upper ends of the inner wall E are formed with the openings I I, which may be square, as here shown, or of any other suitable form, and with these openings communicate the inner or rear ends of ducts or tubes J K, which extend along the inner upper ends or corners of the device, as shown, from the rear inner wall E to the front wall or side of the device, where their front or outer ends communicate or register with openings of the same size cut or formed in the upper corners of the hinged door or side piece L, the lower and upper sides of these tubes J K being formed with numerous perforations M, as shown. The outer valls of said ducts J and K are also perforated.

N indicates an elevated reservoir for the petroleum, from which the supply-pipe 0 leads to the top of the device, the flow of oil through the said pipe into the evaporatingpan of the device being regulated by the stopcock P.

The inner end of the supply-pipe from the oil-reservoir enters through the small dome T of the top of the device and communicates with an opening U, leading from the raised dome down through the top of the device.

V indicates the evaporating-pan, which is usually in this form of burner rectangular in shape, being formed with the rather deep ends and sides and having formed through its central portion the longitudinal opening W, around which extends the shallow rim or upwardly-projecting flange X, which is not onehalf the height of the outer end and side pieces of the pan. This evaporating-pan is I00 secured in operative position within the device against the under side of the solid top thereof, with the upper edges of its sides and ends in contact with the under or lower surface of the solid top of the device, its front side being in contact with the hinged door ll, while its rear side is in contact with a downwardly-projecting solid flange Y at the rear of the top of the device, as shown in Fig. -l of the drawings, and in this position the lower end of the opening LT, through which the oil passes through the top of the device, is to one side of the central opening \v' of the evaporating-pan. Beneath, to the bottom of the evaporating-pan, and extending transversely across the same, is secured the air-flue A, the inner rear end of which rests upon a stiip or bearing 13 on the inner perforated wall E, so that l ends of the air-flue, the currents of air being it is thus supported while it comnuinicates with a longitudinal opening 0 in the said inner wall,while the front end of this flue coinlnunicates or registers with a longitudinal opening 1) of the same size in the central part of the hinged door or side piece L at the front side of the device. \Vhen the evaporating-pan, and with it the air-flue, which is se cured to its lower side, is placed in position, the lower inner or rear end of the air-tube rests upon the bar or bearing-strip l3 and the inner end of the flue and also that end orside of the evaporating-pan, while the outer side of said pan is supported and held up in operative position by means of a catch E, consisting of a wire bail having vertical arms socured to said demo at their upper ends and a horizontal portion E which engages with a projection F, secured to the evaporating-pan. (See Fig. 2.) position, the hinged perforated door L is closed, and is held in its closed position by means of the catch it.

The central opening \V of the evaporatingpan is provided with the downwardly-proi jecting flange or tube ll, the lower end of which extends down in very close n'oximity to the plane of the upper surface of the bottom of the air-tube A, while immediately beneath and registering with this central longitudinal opening in the bottom of the evaporating pan alongitudinal opening I is formed centrally in the bottom of the air-tube A, and this opening, which is larger than the bottom opening of the evaporating-pan, is provided with a downwardly-proj ectin gfian go or tube J, which extends down to within a suitable distance from the shallow drip-pan K, which rests upon the bottom A of the device below the said tube and openings.

In operation the burner here shown is placed in a cook-stove, (shown in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 4,) the front doors of the said stove being opened, with the front of the burner at the door of the stove, and all the openings or crevices around the burner are closed up tightly with fire-clay or other suitable substance, so that the air can enter the stove only through the burner, and not through any The pan being thus secured in l openings or crevices around the same. To light the fire the stop-cock is partly turned to enable a little oil to run from the reservoir down into the evaporating-pau, which it fills until it overflows the shallow rim X, which projects up around the edges of the central opening \V in the bottom of the evaporatingpan, when it runs down through the central registering opening in thehottom of the said pan and theair-tlne and falls into the shallow drip-pan K, where it is lighted with a match. The fire thus kindled soon heats the evaporating-pan so that it converts all the oilwhich flows into it into 'apor and sends vapor only down through its central opening and the downwardly-projccting flange or tube ll of the same, where the vapor is mixed with the current of air which is drawn through both indicated by the short thick arrows and the currents of vapor by the long curved arrows. The air enters the front end of the air-flue through the opening l') of the hinged front door L, and also through the open front ends of the i1 ues or tubesJ K, passing through the said tubes and into the rear air-chamber formed by the double rear walls, and whence it passes into the rear end of the air-flue A, and the mixed vapor and air is drawn by the draft down through the central opening and tube, where it is ignited by the fire lighted in the drip-pan, and thus shoots a continuous flame at the drip-pan, as will be readily understood, as long as any oil is allowed to flow into the evaporating-pan, which, as described, is over the tire and continues to be kept hot by the The downwardly-pouring flame divides over the drip-pan and passes out into the tirebox of the stove through the large end openings I) 1) of the burner, passing out through the ends of the burner in a snow-white flame of the mostdazzlingbrilliancyand of grcathcat. Thus it will be seen that thelnirning gas receives air all the way from the point whereit passes out at the bottom of the flue A and until it escapesinto the tire-box of the stove, receiving it mainly from the hollow space be tween the double rear walls of the device, for as the burning vapor divides at the bottom of the flue and passes along through the burner toward each end of the same to the end openings 1) I) it draws air from the large air-chamber formed by the double rear walls through the perforated inner wall E thereof, through the perforated ends 0 O, and through the perforated lower sides and outer sides of the two air-tubes J and K, the only air received except through the perforations being when the air is mixed with the vapor as it passes down through the central opening of the air-flue, the air entering through both ends of the air-flue, as before described. Slots could be used in lieu of the perforations in the several parts, as will be readily understood.

FY0111 the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,

the constructioi'i, operation, and great ad vantages of my new and improved device for burning crude petroleum will be readily understood.

It-will be seen that my invention is simple and strong in construction and efficient in its operation. The fundamental principle of my invention is the feeding of the oil into a heated evaporating chamber or pan, in which it is held until evaporated or converted into vapor, which lighted is then drawn by the draft of the stove through a space forming the fire-box and having perforated walls through which air is drawn to mix with the vapor, the air being supplied from the room in which the stove stands.

M y improved device can be applied to any stove, With slight modifications to suit any special construction. When it is desired to set this device in a stove that has no door for the device to face, it is necessary to employ conducting-pipes to conduct the air from the opening of the stove to the air chamber or chambers of the device. Vhen it is used in a round heater or stove, the device may be made either round or half-round and the airfeed chamber extend around the evaporating-pan and receive its air from openings into the stove above the device. A round drippan would 'be used with this form, and the usual perforated plate for it to sit upon; also, in some stoves it will be necessary to dispense with the air-flue altogether, as, before mentioned, it covers so much of the bottom of the evaporating-pan, and conducts a stream of cold air against it, so that heat enough to evaporate the oil would not be obtained where the stove is not large enough to allow of the evaporating-pan projecting beyond the flue sufriciently to secure a suitable or sufficient amount of heat. The evaporating-pan and also the drip-pan are both removable, as shown, forcon venience in cleaning them, which will be necessary for the evaporating-pan about once in two Weeks when in constant use, and the tapering thimble R, which will catch impurities in the oil and prevent them from passing into the evaporating-pan, can be readily removed to be cleaned.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, one wall of which is hollow, an evaporating-pan within the casing, above the combustionchamber, and provided with a downwardlyextending outlet opening into the combustion-chamber, an air-flue communicating with the outside air through one of the walls of the casing at one end and with the hollow wail of the casing at the other end, and the middle of the flue communicating with the combustion -chamber at the outlet of the evaporating-pan, the casing being provided with an outlet for the escape of the gases, &c..

2. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, one wall of which is hollow, the inner side of which hollow portion is perforated, an evaporating-pan within the casing, above the com bustion-chamber, the outlet of which is downward and communicating with the combustion-chamber, a flue comm u nicating with the combustion-chamber at the outlet of the evaporating-pan, and tubes above the outlet of the casing, the bottoms of which are perforated, each of the said tubes communicating with the outside air through one wall of the casing at one end and with the hollow portion of the casing at the other end.

3. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of a casing having a depending flange around its bottom and having one of its walls hollow, the bottom of the casing, the flange, and the inner side of the hollow portion of the casing being perforated, and an evaporating-pan within the casing, above the combustion-chamber, the outlet of which is downward and communicates with the combustion-chamber.

at. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, one wall of which is hollow, the inner side of the hollow wall being provided with an opening near its middle and an opening at the upper corner of each end, a hingeddoor upon the opposite side of the-casing, provided with a central opening and an opening at each of its upper corners, an evaporating-pan within the casing, an air-flue secured to the bottom of the pan, the ends 'of which communicate with the central opening in the side and in the door of the casing and its middle with the outlet of the evaporating-pan, and a fine at each end of the casing communicating at their ends with the upper portions.

5. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, one wall of which is hollow and provided with an opening, a flange upon the inner side of the hollow casing and below the lower edge of the opening, an evaporating-pan within the casing, an air-inlet flue upon the bottom of the pan, the rear end of which rests upon the flange on the hollow wall and communicates with theopening, a hook upon the opposite side of the casing and adapted to engage with and support the evaporating-pan, and an air-flue communicating with the hollow wall of the casing, there being an air-outletfor the escape of the vapor and air.

6. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, an evaporating-pan within the casing, having a flange which projects tbO"O the inner surface of the bottom of the pan and below the lower surface and having an openingin the bottom, an air-flue secured to the bottomof the pan and having a hole in its bottom, said hole registering with the outlet of the pan, and a flange around said hole, said easing being provided with outlets for the escape of vapor and an:

7. A device for burning crude petroleum, consisting of the combination of a casing, an evaporatingpan removably secured at its rear end to one side of the casing and provided with a projection upon the opposite end, a catch upon the side of the casing adapted to engage with the projectiomand a flange secured to the top of the casing near the opposite wall, adapted to engage with the inner wall of the evaporating-pan.

S. A device for burning crude petroleum,

vensistingof the combination ofaeasing hav ing an opening at: its top, a removable evaporating-pan within the casing, having a central opening and havingan upwardly-projeeting rim around the opening of the pan, an oil-pipe leading into the casing and opening to one side of the opening" in the pan, and a drip-pan below the opening.

In testimony that: I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto aliixed my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

'LU'IIIER 0. SNELL.

Witnesses:

.TAs. S. \IILNE, WALTER Iiumow. 

